BackForwardApplication: Climate Monitoring (GCOS)

Details
Name Climate Monitoring (GCOS)
Description The WMO-IOC-UNEP-ICSU Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) is an internationally coordinated network of global observing systems for climate, designed to meet the requirements for climate observations, which are essential to climate monitoring. Climate observations are fundamental to detect, model and assess climate change, support adaptation to climate change, monitor the effectiveness of policies for mitigating climate change, develop climate information services, promote sustainable national economic development and meet other requirements of the UNFCCC and other convention and agreements.
Corresponding Institution Global Climate Observing System
Contact
Person 		GCOS Secretariat
Variables measured in this Application Area
Subdomain Variables
Basic atmospheric
Clouds and precipitations
Aerosols and radiation
Ocean
Land surface
Atmospheric chemistry
Sea Ice

Requirements defined for Climate Monitoring (GCOS)  (87)

This tables shows all related requirements. For more operations/filtering, please consult the full list of Requirements
Note: In reading the values, goal is marked blue, breakthrough green and threshold orange

Id Variable Layer App Area Uncertainty Stability / decade Hor Res Ver Res Obs Cyc Timeliness Coverage Conf Level Val Date Source
865 N2O Climate Monitoring (GCOS) Global firm AOPC
878 CO2 column average dry air mixing ratio Climate Monitoring (GCOS) Global firm AOPC
887 CH4 column average dry air mixing ratio Climate Monitoring (GCOS) Global firm AOPC
896 NO2 Climate Monitoring (GCOS) Global firm AOPC
900 HCHO Total Column Climate Monitoring (GCOS) Global firm AOPC
906 SO2 Total Column Climate Monitoring (GCOS) Global firm GAW Expert Team on Atmospheric Composition Network Design and Evolution
768 Wind speed (near surface) Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.5 m/s 0.05 m/s 10 km 3 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
773 Precipitation intensity at surface (liquid or solid) Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.5 mm/h 0.02 mm/h 25 km 30 d Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
774 Air temperature (near surface) Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.1 K 0.02 K 10 km 60 min Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
775 Air pressure (near surface) Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.1 hPa 0.02 hPa 10 km 60 min Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
776 Relative Humidity (near surface) Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 % 0.5 % 10 km 60 min Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
777 Dew Point Temperature Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.1 K 0.02 K 10 km 60 min Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
778 Atmospheric temperature FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.5 K 0.05 K 25 km 1 km 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
779 Atmospheric temperature UTLS Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.5 K 0.05 K 100 km 2 km 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
780 Atmospheric temperature MUS
M 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.2 K 0.02 K 100 km 5 km 30 d Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
781 Wind (horizontal) MUS
UTLS
FT
PBL
M 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 2 m.s-1 0.5 m.s-1 10 km 0.5 km 60 min Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
784 Upward long-wave irradiance at TOA TOA Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 W/m2 0.2 W/m2 100 km 30 d Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
785 Upward short-wave irradiance at TOA TOA Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 W/m2 0.3 W/m2 100 km 30 d Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
786 Downward short-wave irradiance at TOA TOA Climate Monitoring (GCOS) Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
787 Downward long-wave irradiance at Earth surface Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 W.m-2 0.2 W.m-2 100 km 30 d Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
788 Downward short-wave irradiance at Earth surface Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 W.m-2 0.2 W.m-2 100 km 30 d Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
789 Relative humidity FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 % 0.3 % 25 km 2 km 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
790 Relative humidity UTLS Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 % 0.3 % 100 km
200 km 		2 km 24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
791 Cloud cover UTLS Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 50 km 3 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
792 Cloud top temperature Cloud-top Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 K
5 K 		0.25 K 50 km 3 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
793 Cloud optical depth TC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 50 km 3 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
794 Cloud liquid water (CLW) FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 25 % 5 % 50 km 3 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
795 Cloud drop effective radius FT
PBL
Cloud-top 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 μm 1 μm 50 km 3 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
796 CO2 FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 km
10 km 		5 m 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
797 CH4 FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 km
10 km 		5 m 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
798 CH4 UTLS Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 100 km
200 km 		2 m 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-25 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
800 CO2 Tropospheric Column TrC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
801 CH4 Tropospheric column TrC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
802 O3 Total Column TC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 2 % 1 % 20 km
50 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
803 NO2 Tropospheric column TrC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 20 molecules/cm2 2 molecules/cm2 5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
804 SO2 Tropospheric Column TrC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 30 % 5 % (stability/decade) 5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
805 HCHO Tropospheric column TrC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 30 molecules/cm2 5 molecules/cm2 5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
806 CO Tropospheric column TrC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 20 % 2 % 5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
807 Aerosol Optical Depth FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.03 Dimensionless 0.02 Dimensionless 5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
808 Aerosol single-scattering albedo n/a (2D) Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.03 dimensionless 0.01 dimensionless 5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
809 Aerosol Layer Height n/a (2D) Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 km 0.5  5 km
10 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
810 Aerosol Extinction Coefficient FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.1 m-1 0.2 m-1 200 km
500 km 		1 km
2 km 		7 d Global reasonable 2019-09-26 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
812 O3 FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 20 km
50 km 		5 km 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-27 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
813 O3 UTLS Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 100 km
200 km 		1 km
2 km 		4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-27 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
814 O3 MUS
M 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 100 km
200 km 		3 km 24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-27 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
815 CO FT
PBL 		Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 10 km 5 km 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-27 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
817 Integrated Water Vapour (IWV) TC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 25 km 4 h Global reasonable 2019-09-27 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
818 River discharge Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
819 Lake area Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 20 m 24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
820 Lake level Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 3 cm
10 cm 		1 cm 0.1 km Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
821 Lake Surface Temperature Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 K 0.1 K 0.3 km 7 d Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
822 Soil moisture (in the roots region) Root Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.04 m3 /m3 0.01 m3 /m3 1 km
25 km 		24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
823 Soil moisture at surface Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.04 m3 /m3 1 km
25 km 		24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
824 Snow cover Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 % 4 % 0.1 km
1 km 		24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
825 Snow water equivalent Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 10 mm 10 mm 1 km 24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
826 Glacier cover Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 % 15 m
30 m 		1 y Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
827 Fraction of Absorbed PAR (FAPAR) Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 10 % 3 % 0.05 km
0.2 km
0.5 km 		24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
828 Leaf Area Index (LAI) Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 15 % 10 % 0.05 km
0.25 km 		24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
829 Earth surface albedo Near Surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 % 1 % 0.05 km
0.2 km
0.5 km 		24 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
830 Land surface temperature Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 K 0.1 K 1 km 3 h Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
831 Biomass Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 10 t/ha
50 t/ha 		0.5 km
1 km 		1 y Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
832 Land cover Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 10 m
250 m
1000 m 		1 y
5 y
10 y 		Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
833 Fire fractional cover Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 %
10 % 		0.25 km
1 km
3 km 		60 min
6 h 		Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
834 Fire radiative power Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.0005 kW*m-2 0.25 km
1 km
3 km 		60 min
6 h 		Global reasonable 2019-09-30 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
835 Sea surface temperature Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.1 K 0.03 K 1 km
100 km 		60 min
7 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
836 Ocean temperature Upper oc Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.01 K 1 km
10 km 		60 min
30 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
837 Sea surface salinity Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.01 psu 0.001 psu 1 km
100 km 		60 min
30 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
838 Ocean salinity Upper oc Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.01 psu 1 km
10 km 		60 min
30 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
839 Ocean surface currents (vector) Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 cm/s 30 km 60 min
7 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
840 Ocean velocity Upper oc Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 2 cm/s 1 km
10 km 		60 min
7 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
841 Ocean dynamic topography Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.2 cm
0.4 cm 		0.03 cm 10 km
100 km 		7 d
30 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
842 Coastal sea level (tide) Bulk Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 cm 0.1 cm 10 km 60 min
7 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
843 Significant wave height Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.1 m 0.05 m 25 km 3 h Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
844 Wind stress Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.01 Pa
4 Pa 		10 km
100 km 		60 min
30 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
845 Sea surface heat flux Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 10 W/m2
15 W/m2 		1 W/m2
2 W/m2 		1 km
25 km 		60 min
30 d 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
846 Sea-ice cover Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 % 5 % 1 km
15 km 		7 d Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
847 Sea-ice thickness Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 10 cm 25 km 30 d Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
848 Sea-ice motion Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 1 km*d-1 5 km 7 d Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
849 Ocean subsurface dissolved oxygen concentration Bulk Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.5 10 -6 Mol. Kg^-1   
2 10 -6 Mol. Kg^-1    		3 degrees
20 degrees 		7 d
10 y 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
850 pCO2 Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 2 microatm 500 km
1000 km 		7 d
10 y 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
851 Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) Bulk Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 2.0E-6 Mol. Kg-1 1000 km
2000 km 		10 y Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
852 Ocean subsurface tracers Bulk Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.005 %
0.5 % 		1000 
2000  		1 y
10 y 		Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
853 Water-leaving spectral radiance Sea surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 5 % 4  24 h Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
854 Ocean chlorophyll concentration Bulk Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 4 km 7 d Global reasonable 2019-10-15 GCOS-200: The Global Observing System for Climate: Implementation Needs (Published 2016)
858 Cloud top pressure Cloud-top Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 15 hPa
50 hPa 		3 hPa
15 hPa 		50 km 3 h Global reasonable 2020-03-05 AOPC
860 Snow depth Land surface Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 0.1 cm 0.1 cm 1 km 24 h Global reasonable 2020-03-05 TOPC
859 Total lightning density TrC Climate Monitoring (GCOS) 10 km 24 h Global tentative 2020-03-05 AOPC