BackForwardInstrument:  LandIS 

Instrument details
Acronym LandIS
Full name Landsat Next Instrument Suite
Purpose To provide high resolution imagery of Earth's surface in 26 different spectral bands.
Short description
  • Multi-band radiometer with 21 VIS/SWIR bands and 5 IR bands. One band provides water vapour information. See table below for details.
  • The bands on legacy Landsat satellites are included to provide continuity
Background
  • New development
Scanning Technique
Resolution 10-20 m for surface sensing VIS/SWIR channels 60 m for atmospheric SWIR/IR channels
Coverage / Cycle Swath +/- 7.2 deg from nadir. With 3 satellites full global coverage is obtained in 6 days.
Mass Power Data Rate

 

Providing Agency NASA
Instrument Maturity Flown on operational programme
Utilization Period: 2031 to 2036
Last update: 2024-09-30
Detailed characteristics
Band  Colour/Application Wavelength (nm) Footprint (m)
1 Violet 402-422 60
2 Violet 433-453 20
3 Blue 457.5-522.5 10
4 Green 542.5-577.5 10
5 Yellow 585-615 20
6 Orange 610-630 20
7 Red 1 640-660 20
8 Red 2 650-680 10
9 Red Edge 1 697.5-712.5 20
10 Red Edge 2 732.5-747.5 20
11 NIR Broad 784.5-899.5 10
12 NIR 1 855-875 20
13 Water vapour 935-955 60
14 Liquid water  975-997 20
15 Snow/ice 1 1025-1045 20
16 Snow/ice 2 1080-1100 20
17 Cirrus 1360-1390 60
18 SWIR 1 1565-1655 10
19 SWIR 2a 2025.5-2050.5 20
20 SWIR 2b 2088-2128 20
21 SWIR 2c 2191-2231 20
22 TIR1 8175-8425 60
23 TIR2 8425-8775 60
24 TIR3 8925-9275 60
25 TIR4 11025-11575 60
26 TIR5 11725-12275 60
Satellites this instrument is flying on

Note: a red tag indicates satellites no longer operational, a green tag indicates operational satellites, a blue tag indicates future satellites

Instrument classification
  • Earth observation instrument
  • Passive optical radiometer or spectrometer
  • High resolution optical imager
WIGOS Subcomponents
  • Subcomponent 1
  • High-resolution multi-spectral VIS/IR imagers
  • High-resolution multi-spectral VIS/IR imager
Mission objectives
Primary mission objectives
  • Fire fractional cover
  • Glacier cover
  • Lake area
  • Land cover
  • Leaf Area Index (LAI)
  • Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
  • Ocean chlorophyll concentration
  • Snow cover
  • Soil type
  • Vegetation type
Evaluation of Measurements

The following list indicates which measurements can typically be retrieved from this category of instrument. To see a full Gap Analysis by Variable, click on the respective variable.

Note: table can be sorted by clicking on the column headers
Note: * Primary mission objective.
VariableRelevance for measuring this variableOperational limitationsExplanation
Biomass4 - fairCloud sensitive.. Index only.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels. Biomass inferred from NDVI and LAI
Cloud cover2 - very highInfrequent coverage.Channels in VIS, NIR, SWIR and the TIR window around 11 micrometers
Cloud optical depth3 - highLow-density cloud only.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels
Cloud top height4 - fairInfrequent coverage.TIR window channels around 11 micrometers to estimate cloud top height from its temperature
Cloud top temperature4 - fairInfrequent coverage.TIR window channels around 11 micrometers
Cloud type2 - very highInfrequent coverage.Channels in VIS, NIR, SWIR and the TIR window around 11 micrometers
Earth surface albedo5 - marginalCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.VIS channels
Fire fractional cover*1 - primaryCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.VIS and TIR channels
Fire radiative power5 - marginalCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.TIR window channel(s) around 11 micrometers
Fire temperature5 - marginalCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.TIR window channel(s) around 11 micrometers
Fraction of Absorbed PAR (FAPAR)3 - highHigh troposphere only.. Cloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.VIS channels including Red at 700 nm
Fraction of vegetated land1 - primaryCloud sensitive.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels
Glacier cover*3 - highCloud sensitive.. Long time for mapping.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels, screening ice from clouds
Land cover*1 - primaryCloud sensitive.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels
Land surface temperature4 - fairCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.TIR split window channels around 11 micrometers for water vapour correction
Leaf Area Index (LAI)*2 - very highCloud sensitive.. Daylight only.. Infrequent coverage.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)*2 - very highCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.VIS and NIR channels
Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR)3 - highCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.VIS channels, range accurately sampled
Sea surface temperature4 - fairCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.TIR split window channels for water vapour correction
Sea-ice cover2 - very highCloud sensitive.VIS, NIR (for contour enhancement), SWIR (for discrimination from clouds) and TIR channels
Short-wave cloud reflectance4 - fairInfrequent coverage.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels. Unsuitable dynamic range (saturation)
Snow cover*1 - primaryCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels, enabling screening snow from clouds
Soil moisture at surface4 - fairCloud sensitive.. Index only.. Infrequent coverage.VIS and TIR window channels. Soil moisture inferred from thermal inertia
Soil type*1 - primaryCloud sensitive.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels
Integrated Water Vapour (IWV)4 - fairCloud sensitive.. Low troposphere dominant.. Infrequent coverage.TIR channels in the 11 micrometers split window
Upward short-wave irradiance at TOA5 - marginalSpectral interpolation needed.. Information on BRDF needed.. Infrequent coverage.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels
Vegetation type*2 - very highCloud sensitive.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels
Aerosol volcanic ash5 - marginalCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels
Aerosol volcanic ash Total Column5 - marginalCloud sensitive.. Infrequent coverage.. Daylight only.VIS, NIR and SWIR channels