Cloud cover* | 3 - high | No specific limitation. | VIS, MWIR and TIR channels |
Cloud top height* | 3 - high | No specific limitation. | TIR channels in window and water vapour band (for emissivity) to estimate cloud top height from its temperature |
Cloud top temperature* | 2 - very high | No specific limitation. | TIR channels in window and water vapour band (for emissivity) |
Cloud type | 3 - high | No specific limitation. | VIS, MWIR and TIR channels |
Downward long-wave irradiance at Earth surface | 4 - fair | Cloud sensitive.. Highly indirect. | MWIR and TIR channels including the water vapour band |
Fire fractional cover* | 4 - fair | Cloud sensitive.. Coarse spatial resolution. | VIS, MWIR and TIR channels |
Fire radiative power | 2 - very high | Cloud sensitive.. Coarse spatial resolution. | MWIR and TIR channels |
Fire temperature | 2 - very high | Cloud sensitive.. Coarse spatial resolution. | MWIR and TIR channels |
Land surface temperature | 3 - high | Cloud sensitive. | MWIR and TIR window channels (high sensitivity to high temperature, cloud impact reduction, water vapour correction) |
Sea surface temperature* | 2 - very high | Cloud sensitive. | MWIR and TIR window channels around 3.7 and 11 micrometers (cloud impact reduction, water vapour correction) |
Sea-ice cover | 4 - fair | Cloud sensitive. | VIS, MWIR and TIR channels |
Snow cover | 5 - marginal | Cloud sensitive.. Daylight only. | VIS channel(s) |
Soil moisture at surface | 4 - fair | Cloud sensitive.. Index only. | VIS and TIR window channels. Soil moisture inferred from thermal inertia |
Integrated Water Vapour (IWV) | 2 - very high | Cloud sensitive. | TIR channels around 6.3 micrometers and in the 11 micrometers split window |
Upward long-wave irradiance at TOA | 5 - marginal | Spectral interpolation needed. | MWIR and TIR channels in windows around 3.7 and 11 micrometers, and in the water vapour band around 6.3 micrometers |
Upward long-wave irradiance at Earth surface | 4 - fair | Cloud sensitive.. Highly indirect. | MWIR and TIR channels in windows around 3.7 and 11 micrometers, and in the water vapour band around 6.3 micrometers |
Wind (horizontal) | 4 - fair | Limited to high latitudes.. Cloud or water vapour tracers needed. | TIR channels in the 11 micrometers window and the 6.3 micrometers water vapour band |