WMO OSCAR | Details for Instrument GXS

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Instrument: GXS

Instrument details

Acronym	GXS
Full name	GeoXO Sounder
Purpose	To provide information about the vertical distribution of atmospheric moisture, winds, and temperature to feed into forecast models.
Short description	Interferometer measuring 2 bands in the TIR at high spectral resolution around 0.5 cm-1 or better. Proposed bands from 670-1100 cm-1 and 1700-2250 cm-1. More details to be added when available.
Background	First IR hyperspectral sounder covering America.
Scanning Technique
Resolution
Coverage / Cycle
Mass		Power	Data Rate	110 Mbits/sec

Providing Agency	NOAA
Instrument Maturity	Flown on operational programme
Utilization Period:	2035 to 2050
Last update:	2023-10-02

Detailed characteristics

Satellites this instrument is flying on

Note: a red tag indicates satellites no longer operational, a green tag indicates operational satellites, a blue tag indicates future satellites

Geostationary Extended Observations (NOAA)
- GeoXO Central (see instrument status) Jan 2035 - 2050

Instrument classification

Earth observation instrument
Passive optical radiometer or spectrometer
Cross-nadir infrared sounder, possibly including VIS channels

WIGOS Subcomponents

Subcomponent 1
IR hyperspectral sounders [in GEO]
IR hyperspectral sounder [in GEO]

Mission objectives

Primary mission objectives

Atmospheric temperature
O3 Total Column
Specific humidity
Wind (horizontal)

Evaluation of Measurements

The following list indicates which measurements can typically be retrieved from this category of instrument. To see a full Gap Analysis by Variable, click on the respective variable.

Note: table can be sorted by clicking on the column headers
Note: * Primary mission objective.

Search:

Variable	Relevance for measuring this variable	Operational limitations	Explanation
Atmospheric temperature*	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry in the CO2 4.3 and 15 micrometer bands. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring instability onset
Cloud top temperature	1 - primary	Discontinuous coverage.	TIR spectrometry in window and water vapour band (for emissivity)
Downward long-wave irradiance at Earth surface	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Highly indirect.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry including water vapour and CO2 bands
Long-wave Earth surface emissivity	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Long time series needed.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry measuring land temperature in many windows. Emissivity inferred by statistical analysis
Sea surface temperature	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry (inclusive of several narrow-bandwidth windows and absorption bands for atmospheric corrections)
Specific humidity*	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.	TIR spectrometry in the water vapour band around 6.3 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring instability onset
Upward long-wave irradiance at Earth surface	1 - primary	Cloud sensitive.. Highly indirect.	MWIR and TIR channels in windows around 3.7 and 11 micrometers, and in water vapour and CO2 bands around 4,3, 6.3 and 15 micrometers
CH4 mole fraction	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry. CH4 lines around 4.3 and 7.7 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
ClONO2	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry. ClONO2 lines around 5.7, 7.7 and 12.5 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
Cloud top height	2 - very high	Discontinuous coverage.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry in window and water vapour band (for emissivity) to estimate cloud top height from its temperature
H2O	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR/TIR spectrometry in a range centred on 6.3 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
Land surface temperature	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse spatial resolution.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry (inclusive of several narrow-bandwidth windows and absorption bands for atmospheric corrections)
N2O mole fraction	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry. N2O lines around 4.5 and 7.7 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
PSC occurrence	2 - very high	Marginal view from GEO.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR and TIR spectroscopy
SO2	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. SO2 lines around 7.3 and 8.6 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) for sources monitoring
SO2 Total Column	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.	TIR spectrometry. SO2 lines around 7.3 and 8.6 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) for sources monitoring
Integrated Water Vapour (IWV)	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.	TIR spectrometry in the bands around 6.3 and above 11 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring instability onset
Upward spectral radiance at TOA	2 - very high	Missing all Short-waves.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry resolving water vapour lines in the bands around 6.3 micrometers and 11 to 15 micrometers; and other greenhouse gases
Wind (horizontal)*	2 - very high	Cloud sensitive.. Water vapour tracers needed.	TIR spectrometry in the 6.3 micrometers band. Wind profile in clear air by tracking water vapour patches in the humidity profile
C2H2	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. C2H2 lines around 7.5 and 13.7 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
C2H6	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. C2H6 lines around 12 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
CFC-11	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. CFC-11 lines around 9.2 and 11.7 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
CFC-12	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. CFC-12 lines around 8.8 and 10.8 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
Cloud cover	3 - high	Discontinuous coverage.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry
CO	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR spectrometry. CO lines around 4.6. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
CO2 mole fraction	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. CO2 lines around 15 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
COS	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. COS lines around 11.6 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
HNO3	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry. HNO3 lines around 5.9, 7.6 and 11.3 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
N2O5	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry. N2O5 lines around 5.8 and 8 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
NO	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	MWIR spectrometry. NO lines around 5.3 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
NO2	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. NO2 lines around 6.1 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
O3	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. Ozone band around 9.7 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
O3 Total Column*	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.	TIR channel(s). Ozone lines in band around 9.7 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
PAN	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse spatial resolution.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry. PAN lines around 5.7, 8.6 and 12.5 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations
SF6	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.. Coarse vertical resolution.	TIR spectrometry. SF6 lines around 10.5 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) for diurnal variations
Temperature of the tropopause	3 - high	Cloud sensitive.	TIR spectrometry. Tropopause temperature from temperature profile. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring the tropopause evolution
Upward long-wave irradiance at TOA	3 - high	Spectral interpolation needed.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry in the windows regions around 3.7 and 11 micrometers, and in water vapour and CO2 bands around 4,3, 6.3 and 15 micrometers
Cloud type	4 - fair	Discontinuous coverage.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry
Height of the top of PBL	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.	MWIR and TIR spectrometry. Height of PBL top from temperature profile. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring the PBL evolution
Height of the tropopause	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.	TIR spectrometry. Height of tropopause from temperature profile. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring the tropopause evolution
NO2 Total Column	4 - fair	Cloud sensitive.	TIR spectrometry. NO2 lines around 6.1 micrometers. Frequent sampling (GEO) enables monitoring diurnal variations

Showing 1 to 41 of 41 entries