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Instrument details
Acronym
CION
Full name
CICERO Instrument for GNSS-RO
Purpose
Temperature/humidity sounding with highest vertical resolution, space weather
Short description
Measuring the phase delay due to refraction during occultation between GPS and LEO
Background
Consolidated technology
Scanning Technique
Limb scanning from 500 km to close-to-surface by time sampling - Azimuth: 90° sectors fore- and aft-
Resolution
About 300 km horizontal, 0.5 km vertical
Coverage / Cycle
3 GNSS constellations tracked. About 1000 soundings/day - Average spacing 710 km - Global coverage (300 km spacing) in 2 weeks.
Mass
1.2 kg
Power
8 W
Data Rate
Providing Agency
GeoOptics
Instrument Maturity
Flown on operational programme
Utilization Period:
2017-09-23 to ≥2025
Last update:
2022-05-30
Detailed characteristics
Satellites this instrument is flying on
Note: a red tag indicates satellites no longer operational, a
green tag indicates operational satellites, a blue tag indicates
future satellites
Instrument classification
Earth observation instrument Active and radio-occultation sensor GNSS radio-occultation
WIGOS Subcomponents
Subcomponent 2 Ionospheric total electron content sensor [at LEO and cross magnetosphere] Ionospheric electron density sensor [in LEO and cross magnetosphere] Subcomponent 4 GNSS radio occultation constellation (commercial)
Mission objectives
Primary mission objectives Atmospheric temperature Height of the top of PBL Height of the tropopause Specific humidity Temperature of the tropopause
Secondary mission objectives Atmospheric density Electron Density Ionospheric Scintillation Ionospheric Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) Opportunity objectives Show all Show fewer
Tentative Evaluation of Measurements
The following list indicates which measurements can typically be
retrieved from this category of instrument. To see a full Gap Analysis by Variable,
click on the respective variable.
Note: table can be sorted by clicking on the column headers
Variable Relevance for measuring this variable Operational limitations Explanation
Atmospheric temperature 1 - primary Inaccurate in low troposphere. Flown in a satellite cluster. Two directional antennas, three GNSS systems tracked, about 1500 soundings/day per satellite
Geoid 4 - fair Highly indirect. Radio-occultation processing implies precise orbitography. Geoid derived from multi-temporal analysis
Gravity field 5 - marginal Highly indirect. Radio-occultation processing implies precise orbitography. Gravity field derived from multi-temporal analysis
Height of the top of PBL 1 - primary No specific limitation. Flown in a satellite cluster. Two directional antennas, three GNSS systems tracked, about 1500 soundings/day per satellite. PBL top measured as discontinuity of the refraction index
Height of the tropopause 1 - primary No specific limitation. Flown in a satellite cluster. Two directional antennas, three GNSS systems tracked, about 1500 soundings/day per satellite. Tropopause height measured as discontinuity of the refraction index
Specific humidity 2 - very high Inaccurate in high troposphere. Flown in a satellite cluster. Two directional antennas, three GNSS systems tracked, about 1500 soundings/day per satellite
Temperature of the tropopause 1 - primary No specific limitation. Flown in a satellite cluster. Two directional antennas, three GNSS systems tracked, about 1500 soundings/day per satellite
Atmospheric density 1 - primary No specific limitation. Measuring atmospheric density
Electron Density 1 - primary No specific limitation. Flown in a satellite cluster. Two directional antennas, three GNSS systems tracked, about 1500 soundings/day per satellite
Ionospheric Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) 2 - very high No specific limitation. Flown in a satellite cluster. Two directional antennas, three GNSS systems tracked, about 1500 soundings/day per satellite
Ionospheric Scintillation 4 - fair No specific limitation. Flown in a satellite cluster. Two directional antennas, three GNSS systems tracked, about 1500 soundings/day per satellite
Instrument: CION